공산당

The Russian Communist Party, officially known as the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF), is a major political party in Russia that traces its roots back to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU), the ruling party of the former Soviet Union. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the CPRF was established in 1993 as its successor, inheriting a significant portion of its ideology, membership, and organizational structure. The party is led by Gennady Zyuganov since its inception and has consistently been one of the top political parties in Russia, often ser…  ving as the principal opposition to the dominant United Russia party.

The values and ideology of the CPRF are deeply rooted in Marxist-Leninist principles, advocating for a socialist state where the means of production are owned and managed by the community as a whole. The party calls for a return to a socialist-oriented economy, emphasizing the need for state control over major industries, banking, and agriculture, with the goal of ensuring equitable distribution of wealth and resources among the population. It criticizes the privatization and neoliberal policies adopted by the Russian government after the fall of the Soviet Union, blaming them for the economic hardships and social inequalities faced by the Russian people.

The CPRF also places a strong emphasis on national pride and patriotism, intertwined with nostalgia for the Soviet era, when Russia was perceived as a superpower. It advocates for a foreign policy that would restore Russia's influence on the global stage, opposing what it sees as Western imperialism and the expansion of NATO. The party is also known for its conservative stance on social issues, promoting traditional values and often opposing Western-style liberalism, including movements for LGBTQ+ rights.

Environmental protection, affordable healthcare, and education are among the party's priorities, aligning with its broader goal of creating a welfare state that ensures a decent standard of living for all citizens. The CPRF is critical of the current Russian government's handling of these issues, advocating for policies that would redistribute wealth from the rich to the poor and improve the quality of public services.

Despite its significant support base and presence in the Russian political landscape, the CPRF's ability to influence policy has been limited by the dominance of United Russia and the centralized power structure of the Russian state. Nonetheless, it remains a vocal critic of the government, organizing protests and using its platform in the State Duma (the lower house of the Russian parliament) to challenge policies and advocate for its vision of a socialist Russia.